Prevent Cervical Cancer: The HPV Virus

So what exactly is HPV? The human papillomavirus, or HPV, is a term used to describe 100 different strains of a common virus, 40 of which infect the sexual organs. The types of HPV that affect the genitals are transmitted through sexual contact. Unlike many other STD's, only the non-dangerous strains of HPV have visible symptoms (genital warts), so men and women tend to spread HPV without being aware that they have the virus themselves.

Without treatment, some strains of HPV can develop into cervical cancer. The cancer can become well developed before any symptoms are present. HPV can only be contracted through mucous membrane contact during sexual intercourse and other sexual contact. It cannont be transmitted through the air, by shaking hands, or by sitting on toilet seats.

Recently, two vaccines to prevent certain types of HPV have become available. If the vaccine is administered soon enough, the risk of developing cervical cancer is greatly reduced. One downside to the vaccines is that they may take up to 5 years to be fully effective, which is why many doctors suggest getting a vaccine well before becoming sexually active. Some advocates are even trying to make it mandatory for young women to be inoculated at the age of 12 or younger. It is important to note, also, that the vaccines do not protect against the same strains of HPV.

Women should also educate themselves about additional methods of prevention of HPV. The most obvious way is to abstain from sexual contact. The risk of HPV is reduced by using a condom; however, it is not eliminated. Because HPV is spread through membrane contact, condoms are actually less effective at preventing the spread of HPV than other STD's. Because they cover more area than a male condom, female condoms are actually the best barrier method for stopping the spread of HPV. However, it is still not 100% effective. Other forms of birth control, including diaphragms, sponges, and hormonal birth control, provide no protection against HPV.

The most effective way of detecting cervical cancer early and preventing its growth is actually regular screening done through pap smears. The HPV vaccine does not protect against the more rare strains of HPV, and it isn't 100% effective. Cervical cancer can develop even after receiving the vaccine. Getting a yearly PAP smear can detect precancerous cells. The detection of the cells before they become cancerous can greatly increase the chances of having a successful treatment.

More cervical cancer information resources: